Which term is synonymous with 'to delay' or to hinder progress?

The term that is synonymous with 'to delay' or to hinder progress is "retard." In this context, "retard" refers to the act of slowing down or obstructing the advancement of something. This word is often used in various contexts, such as in scientific or technical discussions where progress or development is being impeded.

While "encourage," "assist," and "promote" all imply fostering growth or aiding in progress, "retard" stands distinctly as it communicates the opposite effect—an obstruction or a delay. Understanding this key difference is essential, especially when evaluating language that describes processes or actions that either support or inhibit momentum.