What type of professional interprets spoken or signed communication between languages?

The role of an interpreter is crucial in facilitating communication between individuals who speak different languages, whether in spoken or signed forms. Interpreters have specialized training to convey the meaning of spoken dialogue in real-time, making them essential in various settings such as legal proceedings, medical appointments, or business meetings. This profession requires not only fluency in the source and target languages but also a deep understanding of cultural nuances to ensure accurate communication.

In contrast, a translator primarily deals with written text, converting written material from one language to another, which is a different skill set that does not involve real-time communication. The other options like "conduit" and "adjudicator" pertain to roles that do not specifically focus on the interpretation of spoken or signed language. A conduit may refer to a means of transmission or a facilitator without being necessarily language-focused, and an adjudicator typically refers to someone who makes formal judgments or decisions. Hence, the most appropriate choice for interpreting spoken or signed communication between languages is indeed the interpreter.